Manager Walter Mazzarri was fired by Napoli on Monday evening.
The 62-year-old had only been in the role since November but was dismissed after winning just six of his 17 games in charge.
This was Mazzarri's second spell as Napoli boss, having previously held the position between October 2009 and May 2013.
In a club statement this week, Napoli owner Aurelio de Laurentiis thanked Mazzarri for "having helped the team in a tricky period".
Mazzarri was swiftly replaced as Napoli hired Francesco Calzona, 55, on a short-term deal until the end of the season.
Calzona is no stranger to Napoli. He was the club's assistant manager from 2015 to 2018 and also served as a technical coach during the 2021/22 season.
His first game as Napoli manager will be Wednesday's UEFA Champions League round of 16 first leg clash with Barcelona at the Stadio Diego Armando Maradona.
In addition to managing Napoli, Italian Calzona will continue in his role as manager of the Slovakia men's national team.
Slovakia will compete at this summer's Euro 2024 tournament in Germany.
Napoli midfielder Stanislav Lobotka has played regularly under Calzona at international level.
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